Challenging laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis: When and how to convert

Affiliations

• ¹ Visceral and digestive surgery Department, Hospital Center Simone Veil, 60000 Beauvais, France.
• ² Digestive surgery department, CHU Amiens Picardie, avenue René-Laennec, 80054 Amiens cedex 01, France; University of Picardie Jules-Vernes, 80000 Amiens cedex 01, France; Simplifications of the care of complex surgical patients (SSPC), Research Clinic Unit, Amiens, France.
• ³ Hepato-bilio-pancreatic digestive surgery department, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France; University of Paris, UMR 1275 CAP Paris-Tech, Carcinomatosis Paris Technology, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address: marc.pocard@gmail.com.