1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Health System Blood Management Program, The Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
2 Department of Medicine (Hematology), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
3 Center for Bloodless Medicine and Surgery, Department of Medicine (Hematology), Oncology & Institute for Cellular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.