Objective To retrospectively analyze the sensitization spectrum of 16 362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital and provide reference for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods A total of 16 362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital from January 2009 to September 2021 were selected.The serum levels of total IgE and antigen-specific IgE(sIgE)were determined.Furthermore,the selected patients were classified into different groups according to gender,age,and disease occurrence month.Results The mean level of total IgE in 7919 patients was 92.4(34.8, 241.0)kU/L.The sIgE levels of 34 allergens in 5495 patients were determined via the ImmunoCAP system,with a positive sIgE rate of 54.23%.The top 5 allergens with high positive rates were mountain juniper pollen(43.78%),cat dander(38.76%),egg white(33.38%),Japanese hop(32.03%),and mugwort(31.82%).The sIgE levels of 20 allergens in 10 867 patients were determined via the EURO system,with a positive sIgE rate of 35.79%.The top 5 allergens with high positive rates were mugwort(15.86%),house dust mite mix(10.17%),cat dander(8.32%),house dust(4.71%),and tree pollen mix(4.04%).The analysis based on gender showed that the allergen positive rates in males were higher than those in females.The positive rates of egg white and cow's milk gradually decreased with the increase in age,while those of the inhaled allergens gradually increased during 10-19 years and then gradually decreased.The analysis based on disease occurrence month showed that the population with allergic diseases in Beijing surged in summer and autumn due to the inhaled allergens including mugwort,tree pollen mix,common ragweed,cocklebur,goosefoots,Japanese hop,timothy grass,and weed mix.Conclusions Among the 16 362 patients with allergic diseases treated in the Peking University Third Hospital,male patients showed higher sensitivity to allergens.The positive rates of egg white and cow's milk gradually decreased with the increase in age,while those of inhaled allergens were highest in patients of 10-19 years.The population of allergic diseases in Beijing surged in summer and autumn due to the inhaled allergens.
Keywords: allergen-specific IgE; allergens; allergic diseases; total IgE.