Association between the RETN -420C/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility: A meta-analysis of 23 studies

Fei Luo; Mingjie Shi; Junhao Guo; Yisen Cheng; Xusan Xu; Jieqing Zeng; Si Huang; Weijun Huang; Wenfeng Wei; Yajun Wang; Riling Chen; Guoda Ma

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1039919

Association between the RETN -420C/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility: A meta-analysis of 23 studies

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Dec 21:13:1039919. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1039919. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Fei Luo^{1

2}, Mingjie Shi^{1

2}, Junhao Guo^{2

3}, Yisen Cheng^{1

2}, Xusan Xu^{1

2}, Jieqing Zeng^{2

4}, Si Huang^{2

4}, Weijun Huang^{2

4}, Wenfeng Wei⁵, Yajun Wang^{1

2}, Riling Chen^{1

2

6}, Guoda Ma^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Research in Maternal and Child Medicine and Birth Defects, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
² Matenal and Child Research Institute, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.
³ School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
⁴ First College of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.
⁶ Department of Hematology-Oncology, Shunde Women and Children's Hospital (Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shunde Foshan), Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, China.

Abstract

Background: The published findings on the link between the resistin (RETN) gene polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk are still contradictory. Here, through a meta-analysis, we summarized a more precise evaluation of their connection by synthesizing existing research.

Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were electronically searched, and all cited sources were manually searched. The heterogeneity of effects was tested and all statistical analyses were performed in Stata 12.0.

Results: A total of 23 studies with 10,651 cases and 14,366 controls on RETN -420C/G polymorphism were included. The overall results showed that the association of RETN -420C/G polymorphism and T2DM susceptibility was not significant [for the allelic model: odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.87-1.10, p_{heterogeneity} <.001; I ² = 84.6%; for the dominant model: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.80-1.15, p_{heterogeneity} <.001; I ² = 87.1%; and for the recessive model: OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.82-1.12, p_{heterogeneity} <.001; I ² = 56.9%] but with high heterogeneity across studies (p <.0001). Meta-regression found that the median age of T2DM participants (using age 50 as the cutoff) could be a factor in the observed variation. The RETN -420C/G polymorphism seems to be linked to an increased risk of T2DM in younger individuals [for dominant: OR = 0.84 (95% CI, 0.72-0.98; p_{heterogeneity} <.001; I ² = 80.9%)] and decreased risk in older people [for dominant: OR = 3.14 (95% CI, 2.35-4.19; p_{heterogeneity} = .98; I ² = 0.0%)].

Conclusions: Current results found no evidence that the RETN -420C/G variant was linked to T2DM susceptibility, but the patient's age appears to be a potential factor that contributed to high heterogeneity across studies. Additional high-quality and well-designed investigations are required to confirm these results.

Keywords: RETN; T2DM; polymorphism; resistin; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / genetics
Disease Susceptibility
Humans
Middle Aged
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Resistin / genetics

Substances

Resistin
RETN protein, human