Aerobic granular sludge treating hypersaline wastewater: Impact of pH on granulation and long-term operation at different organic loading rates

Xueying Niu; Xushen Han; Yan Jin; Jingxue Yue; Jingyi Zhu; Weihong Xie; Jianguo Yu

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117164

Aerobic granular sludge treating hypersaline wastewater: Impact of pH on granulation and long-term operation at different organic loading rates

J Environ Manage. 2023 Mar 15:330:117164. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117164. Epub 2023 Jan 3.

Authors

Xueying Niu¹, Xushen Han², Yan Jin³, Jingxue Yue¹, Jingyi Zhu⁴, Weihong Xie⁴, Jianguo Yu⁵

Affiliations

¹ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China; National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
² State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China; National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. Electronic address: xushen.han@ecust.edu.cn.
³ National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
⁴ PetroChina Planning & Engineering Institute, 3 Zhixinxi Road, Beijing, 100083, China.
⁵ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China; National Engineering Research Center for Integrated Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China. Electronic address: jgyu@ecust.edu.cn.

PMID: 36603256
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117164

Abstract

pH is one of the major parameters that influence the granulation and long-term operation of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). In hypersaline wastewater, the impact of pH on granulation and the extent of organic loading rate (OLR) that AGS can withstand under different pH are still not clear. In this study, AGS was cultivated at 3% salinity in three sequencing batch reactors with influent pH values of 5.0, 7.0, and 9.0, respectively, and the OLR was stepwise increased from 2.4 to 16.8 kg COD/m³·d after the granules maturation. The results showed the satisfactory granulation and organic removal under different influent pH conditions, in which the granulation was completed on day 43, 23, and 23, respectively. Neutral influent was the most appropriate for development of salt-tolerant aerobic granular sludge (SAGS), while acidic environment induced the formation of fluffy filamentous granules, and alkaline environment weakened the granule stability. Metagenomic analysis revealed the similar microbial community of neutral and alkaline conditions, with the predominance of genus Paracoccus_f__Rhodobacteraceae. While in acidic environment, fungus Fusarium formed the skeleton of filamentous granules and functioned as the carrier of bacteria including Azoarcus and Pararhodobacter. With the elevation of OLR, SAGSs were found to maintain the compact structure under OLRs of 2.4, 7.2, and 2.4 kg COD/m³·d, and obtain high TOC removal (>95.0%) under OLRs of 7.2, 14.4, and 14.4 kg COD/m³·d, respectively. For hypersaline high-strength organic wastewater, satisfactory TOC removal could also be obtained at broad pH ranges (5.0-9.0), in which neutral environment was the most suitable and acidic environment was the worst. This study contributed to a better understanding of SAGS granulation and treatment of hypersaline high-strength organic wastewater with different pH values.

Keywords: Aerobic granular sludge; High-strength organic wastewater; Hypersaline wastewater; Organic loading rate; pH.

MeSH terms

Aerobiosis
Bioreactors / microbiology
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Sewage* / chemistry
Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods
Wastewater*

Substances

Wastewater
Sewage