Evaluation of miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 Expression and Their Association with Vitamin-D Status Among Obese and Non-Obese Type-2 Diabetic Patients

Alanoud Aladel; Fahmida Khatoon; Mohammad Idreesh Khan; Azzah Alsheweir; Malak Ghazi Almutairi; Sami Owaidh Almutairi; Faisal Khalid Almutairi; Kudaibergen Osmonaliev; Mirza Masroor Ali Beg

doi:10.2147/JMDH.S391996

Evaluation of miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 Expression and Their Association with Vitamin-D Status Among Obese and Non-Obese Type-2 Diabetic Patients

J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Dec 28:15:2979-2990. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S391996. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Alanoud Aladel¹, Fahmida Khatoon², Mohammad Idreesh Khan³, Azzah Alsheweir¹, Malak Ghazi Almutairi⁴, Sami Owaidh Almutairi⁴, Faisal Khalid Almutairi⁵, Kudaibergen Osmonaliev⁶, Mirza Masroor Ali Beg^{6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
² Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, 51921, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Clinical Nutrition, Almethnab General Hospital, Qassim Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Al Mithnab, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Laboratory Department, Armed Forces Hospital in Qassim, Medical Services, Ministry of Defense Qassim Buraydah Al-Rass, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Faculty of Medicine, Alatoo International University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
⁷ Centre for Promotion of Medical Research, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.

Abstract

Objective: Growing epidemics of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity have become a serious health concern. Since miRNAs and vitamin levels affect the development and progression of numerous pathogenic diseases, including diabetes, the present study aimed to evaluate miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression and vitamin-D status among obese and non-obese T2DM patients.

Methods: The study included 100 clinically confirmed newly diagnosed obese and non-obese T2DM cases and 100 healthy subjects. Total RNA was extracted from collected blood samples and 100 ng of RNA was used for cDNA synthesis, then TaqMan assay was performed to evaluate the miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 relative expression.

Results: T2DM cases with hypertension (4.08 fold, p=0.01; 5.36 fold, p=0.009), fatigue (5.07 fold, p=0.04; 5.32 fold, p=0.03) and blurred vision (5.15 fold, p=0.01) showed higher miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 relative expression compared with their counterparts, respectively. A positive correlation was observed between miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression and decreased vitamin-D status in T2DM had significant association with impaired blood glucose fasting (p=0.001) and HDL level (p<0.0001). Obese T2DM cases showed higher miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression compared with their counterparts. Vitamin-D deficient T2DM cases had higher miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression (5.69 fold, 5.91 fold) compared with insufficient (4.27 fold, p=0.03; 4.61 fold, p=0.03) and sufficient (4.08 fold, p=0.002; 4.29 fold, p=0.003). ROC curve for miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 between obese T2DM vs non-obese T2DM cases, at best possible cutoff value of 4.39 fold, 4.0 fold showed increased miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression, the sensitivity and specificity were 85%, 88% and 61%, 53% respectively (AUC=0.83, p<0.0001; AUC=0.81, p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Higher miRNA-143 and miRNA-145 expression could be a predictive indicator for obese T2DM cases, decreased status of vitamin-D was also significantly associated with impaired fasting blood sugar and HDL level, therefore it is important to evaluate the vitamin-D status among T2DM cases for better clinical outcome during the intervention.

Keywords: expression; miRNA; obesity; prognostic marker; type 2 diabetes; vitamin-D.