Decellularized matrix for repairing intervertebral disc degeneration: Fabrication methods, applications and animal models

Hu Qian; Li He; Zhimin Ye; Zairong Wei; Jun Ao

doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100523

Decellularized matrix for repairing intervertebral disc degeneration: Fabrication methods, applications and animal models

Mater Today Bio. 2022 Dec 17:18:100523. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100523. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Authors

Hu Qian¹, Li He¹, Zhimin Ye², Zairong Wei³, Jun Ao¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
² Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
³ Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, China.

Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD)-induced low back pain significantly influences the quality of life, placing a burden on public health systems worldwide. Currently available therapeutic strategies, such as conservative or operative treatment, cannot effectively restore intervertebral disc (IVD) function. Decellularized matrix (DCM) is a tissue-engineered biomaterial fabricated using physical, chemical, and enzymatic technologies to eliminate cells and antigens. By contrast, the extracellular matrix (ECM), including collagen and glycosaminoglycans, which are well retained, have been extensively studied in IVD regeneration. DCM inherits the native architecture and specific-differentiation induction ability of IVD and has demonstrated effectiveness in IVD regeneration in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, significant improvements have been achieved in the preparation process, mechanistic insights, and application of DCM for IDD repair. Herein, we comprehensively summarize and provide an overview of the roles and applications of DCM for IDD repair based on the existing evidence to shed a novel light on the clinical treatment of IDD.

Keywords: (3D), three-dimensional; (AF), annular fibers; (AFSC), AF stem cells; (APNP), acellular hydrogel descendent from porcine NP; (DAF-G), decellularized AF hydrogel; (DAPI), 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; (DCM), decellularized matrix; (DET), detergent-enzymatic treatment; (DWJM), Wharton's jelly matrix; (ECM), extracellular matrix; (EVs), extracellular vesicles; (Exos), exosome; (IDD), intervertebral disc degeneration; (IVD), intervertebral disc; (LBP), Low back pain; (NP), nucleus pulposus; (NPCS), NP-based cell delivery system; (PEGDA/DAFM), polyethylene glycol diacrylate/decellularized AF matrix; (SD), sodium deoxycholate; (SDS), sodium dodecyl sulfate; (SIS), small intestinal submucosa; (TGF), transforming growth factor; (bFGF), basic fibroblast growth factor; (hADSCs), human adipose-derived stem cells; (hDF), human dermal fibroblast; (iAF), inner annular fibers; (oAF), outer annular fibers; (sGAG), sulfated glycosaminoglycan; Decellularized matrix; Intervertebral disc degeneration; Regenerative medicine; Tissue engineering.

Publication types

Review