Background: Ureteral-iliac artery fistula is a rare disease resulting from the pathological connection between the ureter and iliac artery, with artificial iliac artery-ureteral fistula being rarer. Iliac artery ureteral fistula is challenging to diagnose, and the misdiagnosis and mortality rates are high.
Case summary: A case of artificial iliac artery ureteral fistula was reported in this paper. The patient was a 69-year-old male with paroxysmal painless hematuria. The artificial iliac artery ureteral fistula was diagnosed by angiography. The hematuria was stopped after intravascular embolization, and no bleeding occurred after 6 months of follow-up.
Conclusion: Ureteral arterial fistula should be considered when inconspicuous hematuria with previous iliac vessels is encountered in addition to local ureteral surgery history. A rapid endovascular approach is recommended for fistula identification.
Keywords: Artificial iliac artery; Case report; Ureteral fistula.
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