1 School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Cheng Yu Tung Building, 12 Chak Cheung Street, Shatin, Hong Kong.
2 School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Surrey, Austin Pearce Building, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.
3 Hospitality Services Department, Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, 9907 Universal Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32819, USA.