Regulation of bone health through physical exercise: Mechanisms and types

Xinyu Chang; Sheng Xu; Hao Zhang

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1029475

Regulation of bone health through physical exercise: Mechanisms and types

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Dec 7:13:1029475. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1029475. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Xinyu Chang¹, Sheng Xu², Hao Zhang³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
² National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology and Institute of Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Osteoporosis, characterized by bone mineral density reduction, bone mass loss, increased bone fragility, and propensity to fractures, is a common disease in older individuals and one of the most serious health problems worldwide. The imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts results in the predominance of bone resorption and decreased bone formation. In recent years, it has been found that regular and proper exercise not only helps prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis but also adds benefits to osteoporosis therapy; accordingly, bone homeostasis is closely associated with mechanical stress and the intricate crosstalk between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of exercise on osteoporosis and provide new proposals for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Keywords: PCs; Piezo1; bone mass; cytokines; exercise; irisin; osteoporosis.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Bone Density*
Bone and Bones
Exercise
Humans
Osteoclasts
Osteoporosis* / prevention & control