Phylogenomic analysis of cytochrome P450 multigene family and its differential expression analysis in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Yupeng Hao; Zeyu Dong; Yongyan Zhao; Wenchen Tang; Xueqiang Wang; Jun Li; Luyao Wang; Yan Hu; Lei Fang; Xueying Guan; Fenglin Gu; Ziji Liu; Zhiyuan Zhang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.1078377

Phylogenomic analysis of cytochrome P450 multigene family and its differential expression analysis in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Front Plant Sci. 2022 Dec 6:13:1078377. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1078377. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yupeng Hao^{1

2}, Zeyu Dong^{1

2}, Yongyan Zhao^{1

2}, Wenchen Tang^{1

2}, Xueqiang Wang¹, Jun Li^{1

2}, Luyao Wang¹, Yan Hu^{1

2}, Lei Fang^{1

2}, Xueying Guan^{1

2}, Fenglin Gu³, Ziji Liu⁴, Zhiyuan Zhang¹

Affiliations

¹ Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China.
² Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources, Institute of Crop Science, Plant Precision Breeding Academy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
³ Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya, China.
⁴ Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Haikou, China.

Abstract

Plant cytochrome P450 is a multifamily enzyme widely involved in biochemical reactions for the synthesis of antioxidants, pigments, structural polymers, and defense-related compounds. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an economically important plant. A comprehensive identification and characterization of P450 genes would provide valuable information on the evolutionary relationships of genes and their functional characteristics. In this study, we identified P450 genes in pepper with the aid of bioinformatics methods to investigate the phylogenetic relation, gene structure, chromosomal localization, duplicated events, and collinearity among Solanaceae species. We identified and classified 478 genes of P450 from the pepper genome into two major clades and nine subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Massive duplication events were found in the P450 gene family, which may explain the expansion of the P450 gene family. In addition, we also found that these duplication genes may have undergone strict purification selection during evolution. Gene expression analysis showed that some P450 genes that belong to clan 71 in pepper may play an important role in placenta and pericarp development. Through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and transcriptome analysis, we also found that many P450 genes were related to defensive and phytohormone response in pepper. These findings provide insight for further studies to identify the biological functions of the P450 genes in pepper.

Keywords: cytochrome P450; evolution; gene family; pepper; phylogenetic analysis.