Residue Analysis and Assessment of the Risk of Dietary Exposure to Domoic Acid in Shellfish from the Coastal Areas of China

Guanchao Zheng; Haiyan Wu; Hanyu Che; Xiaokang Li; Zhihua Zhang; Jixing Peng; Mengmeng Guo; Zhijun Tan

doi:10.3390/toxins14120862

Residue Analysis and Assessment of the Risk of Dietary Exposure to Domoic Acid in Shellfish from the Coastal Areas of China

Toxins (Basel). 2022 Dec 8;14(12):862. doi: 10.3390/toxins14120862.

Authors

Guanchao Zheng¹, Haiyan Wu¹, Hanyu Che^{1

2}, Xiaokang Li^{1

3}, Zhihua Zhang⁴, Jixing Peng¹, Mengmeng Guo¹, Zhijun Tan^{1

5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
² College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
³ College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
⁴ Hebei Province Aquatic Products Quality Inspection and Testing Station, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.
⁵ Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
⁶ Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.

Abstract

Harmful algal blooms in Chinese waters have caused serious domoic acid (DA) contamination in shellfish. Although shellfish are at particular risk of dietary exposure to DA, there have been no systematic DA risk assessments in Chinese coastal waters. A total of 451 shellfish samples were collected from March to November 2020. The presence of DA and four of its isomers were detected using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The spatial-temporal distribution of DA occurrence and its potential health risks were examined. DA was detected in 198 shellfish samples (43.90%), with a maximum level of 942.86 μg/kg. DA was recorded in all 14 shellfish species tested and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) showed the highest average DA concentration (82.36 μg/kg). The DA concentrations in shellfish showed distinct spatial-temporal variations, with significantly higher levels of occurrence in autumn than in summer and spring (p < 0.01), and particularly high occurrence in Guangdong and Fujian Provinces. The detection rates and maximum concentrations of the four DA isomers were low. While C. gigas from Guangdong Province in September showed the highest levels of DA contamination, the risk to human consumers was low. This study improves our understanding of the potential risk of shellfish exposure to DA-residues.

Keywords: China; domoic acid; liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS); risk assessment; shellfish.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Chromatography, Liquid
Dietary Exposure* / adverse effects
Dietary Exposure* / analysis
Humans
Kainic Acid / analysis
Shellfish* / analysis

Substances

domoic acid
Kainic Acid

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (No. 2018FY100200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32072329, 41976110), the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, CAFS (No. 2020TD71) and the earmarked fund for CARS (CARS-49). We thank International Science Editing (http://www.internationalscienceediting.com) (accessed on 23 October 2022) for editing this manuscript.