Nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremity are among the most common pathologies encountered in orthopaedic surgery. Symptoms can be debilitating for patients-affecting their work, activity level, sleep patterns, and overall quality of life. The community orthopaedic specialist should be familiar with the anatomy, etiology, and presentation of upper extremity nerve entrapment. Furthermore, knowledge of current evidence surrounding the management of these common syndromes can prove valuable for treating clinicians. Treatment ranges from nonsurgical (including medication and splinting) to surgical (when symptoms are severe). Although the gold standard treatment for nerve compression syndromes of the upper extremity is typically surgical release, nonsurgical methods should also be reviewed and understood because these can play an important role for patients as well. Community orthopaedic specialists should be well aware of the risks and complications associated with surgical releases.