Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole

Fei Liang; Wentian Xu; Hongxia Wu; Bin Zheng; Qingzhi Liang; Yingzhi Li; Songbiao Wang

doi:10.7717/peerj.14458

Widely targeted metabolite profiling of mango stem apex during floral induction by compond of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole

PeerJ. 2022 Dec 12:10:e14458. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14458. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Fei Liang^#^{1

2}, Wentian Xu^#¹, Hongxia Wu¹, Bin Zheng¹, Qingzhi Liang¹, Yingzhi Li², Songbiao Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology of Ministry of Agriculture, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China.
² Binhai Agricultural College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: Insufficient low temperatures in winter and soil residues caused by paclobutrazol (PBZ) application pose a considerable challenge for mango floral induction (FI). Gibberellin inhibitors SPD (compound of mepiquat chloride, prohexadione-calcium and uniconazole) had a significant influence on enhancing the flowering rate and yield of mango for two consecutive years (2020-2021). Researchers have indicated that FI is regulated at the metabolic level; however, little is known about the metabolic changes during FI in response to SPD treatment.

Methods: Here, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)-based widely targeted metabolomic analysis was carried out to assess the metabolic differences in the mango stem apex during different stage of mango FI (30, 80, 100 days after SPD/water treatment).

Results: A total of 582 compounds were annotated and 372 metabolites showed two-fold differences in abundance (variable importance in projection, VIP ≥ 1 and fold change, FC≥ 2 or≤ 0.5) between buds at 30, 80, 100 days after SPD/water treatment or between buds under different treatment. Lipids, phenolic acids, amino acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins were among metabolites showing significant differences over time after SPD treatment. Here, 18 out of 20 lipids, including the lysophosphatidylethanolamine (12, LPE), lysophosphatidylcholine (7, LPC), and free fatty acids (1, FA), were significantly upregulated from 80 to 100 days after SPD treatment comared to water treatment. Meanwhile, the dormancy release of mango buds from 80 to 100 days after SPD treatment was accompanied by the accumulation of proline, ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, and tannins. In addition, metabolites, such as L-homocysteine, L-histidine, and L-homomethionine, showed more than a ten-fold difference in relative abundance from 30 to 100 days after SPD treatment, however, there were no significant changes after water treatment. The present study reveals novel metabolites involved in mango FI in response to SPD, which would provide a theoretical basis for utilizing SPD to induce mango flowering.

Keywords: Amino acid; Floral induction; Lipid; Mango; Metabolite.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Ascorbic Acid
Lipids
Mangifera* / chemistry
Tandem Mass Spectrometry*

Substances

uniconazole
mepiquat
Ascorbic Acid
Lipids

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the National Key R & D Program of China (No. 2020YFD1000604, 2019YFD1000500), the Hainan Province Natural Science Foundation of China (320QN323, 321MS076), the Guangdong Provincial Special Fund for Modern Agriculture Industry Technology Innovation Teams (2019KJ108), and the Project of Enhancing School With Innovation of Guangdong Ocean University (GDOU2013050217, GDOU2016050256). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.