The prevalence of obesity-related hypertension among middle-aged and older adults in China

Yang Zhang; Wen-Qiang Zhang; Wei-Wei Tang; Wen-Yong Zhang; Jian-Xiong Liu; Rong-Hua Xu; Tzung-Dau Wang; Xiao-Bo Huang

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.865870

The prevalence of obesity-related hypertension among middle-aged and older adults in China

Front Public Health. 2022 Nov 24:10:865870. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.865870. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yang Zhang¹, Wen-Qiang Zhang², Wei-Wei Tang^{3

4}, Wen-Yong Zhang¹, Jian-Xiong Liu¹, Rong-Hua Xu⁵, Tzung-Dau Wang⁶, Xiao-Bo Huang¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
² Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
³ School of Health Policy and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
⁴ Institute of Healthy Jiangsu Development, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
⁵ Stroke Center, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.
⁶ Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence and geographic variation of obesity-related hypertension in China among adults aged 45 years or older.

Methods: Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2015. Stratified sample households covered 150 counties/districts and 450 villages/urban communities from 28 provinces by using household questionnaires, clinical measurements, and blood-based bioassays. A multivariable non-conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors correlated with obesity-related hypertension.

Results: The prevalence of obesity-related hypertension was 22.7%, ~120 million people, among adults aged 45 years or older in China. For people in the age ranges of 45-54, 55-64, 65-74, and ≥75 years, the prevalence of obesity-related hypertension was 16.7, 24.3, 27, and 26.7%, respectively, and the prevalence of obesity-related hypertension among hypertensive participants was 66.0, 60.9, 54.2, and 47.3%, respectively. Compared with non-obesity-related hypertension, the obesity-related hypertensive patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia (all P < 0.0001). The prevalence of obesity-related hypertension showed a decreasing gradient from north to south and from east to west. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, living in urban areas, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia were positively correlated with obesity-related hypertension.

Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity-related hypertension among adults aged 45 years or older was high in China. Among hypertensive participants, older age was negatively correlated with obesity-related hypertension. Obesity-related hypertensive participants are more prone to aggregation of risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Keywords: China; hypertension; obesity; obesity-related hypertension; prevalence; risk factors.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Female
Humans
Hypertension* / epidemiology
Longitudinal Studies
Middle Aged
Obesity / complications
Obesity / epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk Factors