Transcriptome analysis and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase reveal the molecular mechanism of Bisphenol A degradation by Pseudomonas putida strain YC-AE1

BMC Microbiol. 2022 Dec 9;22(1):294. doi: 10.1186/s12866-022-02689-6.

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a rapid spreading organic pollutant that widely used in many industries especially as a plasticizer in polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. BPA reported as a prominent endocrine disruptor compound that possesses estrogenic activity and fulminant toxicity. Pseudomonas putida YC-AE1 was isolated in our previous study and exerted a strong degradation capacity toward BPA at high concentrations; however, the molecular degradation mechanism is still enigmatic.

Results: We employed RNA sequencing to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the YC-AE1 strain upon BPA induction. Out of 1229 differentially expressed genes, 725 genes were positively regulated, and 504 genes were down-regulated. The pathways of microbial metabolism in diverse environments were significantly enriched among DEGs based on KEGG enrichment analysis. qRT-PCR confirm the involvement of BPA degradation relevant genes in accordance with RNA Seq data. The degradation pathway of BPA in YC-AE1 was proposed with specific enzymes and encoded genes. The role of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in BPA degradation was further verified. Sever decrease in BPA degradation was recorded by YC-AE1 in the presence of CYP450 inhibitor. Subsequently, CYP450bisdB deficient YC-AE1 strain △ bisdB lost its ability toward BPA transformation comparing with the wild type. Furthermore, Transformation of E. coli with pET-32a-bisdAB empowers it to degrade 66 mg l-1 of BPA after 24 h. Altogether, the results showed the role of CYP450 in biodegradation of BPA by YC-AE1.

Conclusion: In this study we propose the molecular basis and the potential role of YC-AE1cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in BPA catabolism.

Keywords: Bisphenol A; Cytochrome P450; Degradation pathway; Pseudomonas putida YC-AE1; RNA sequencing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzhydryl Compounds* / metabolism
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* / genetics
  • Gene Expression Profiling
  • Phenols* / metabolism
  • Pseudomonas putida* / genetics
  • Pseudomonas putida* / metabolism

Substances

  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
  • bisphenol A
  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Phenols