Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is caused by damage of the basal layer of endometrium, which leads to fibrosis of the endometrium and the formation of adhesion, resulting in partial or complete occlusion of the uterine cavity, abnormal menstruation, infertility or recurrent miscarriage. The prevalence of IUA in women has been increasing in recent years, and the high recurrence rate of moderate to severe IUA makes IUA treatment more challenging. Iatrogenic endometrial injury is the main cause of IUA. However, the incidence of IUA and the severity of IUA vary among patients who have received similar uterine operations, suggesting that there may be other synergistic factors in the development of IUA. There is a certain correlation between the pathogenesis and the microbiota of the gential tract. In many IUA patients, it has been observed that the probiotics such as Lactobacillus in the vagina is significant reduced, and the pathogenic bacteria such as Gardnerella and Prevotella are excessive growth. The reproductive tract microbiota can be involved in the development and progression of IUA via impacting immune function and metabolism.
宫腔粘连(intrauterine adhesion，IUA)是由于子宫内膜基底层受损导致内膜纤维化形成粘连，以致宫腔部分或全部闭塞，从而导致月经异常、不孕或反复流产。近年来IUA患病率呈上升趋势，且中重度IUA的高复发率使IUA治疗更具挑战性。医源性子宫内膜损伤是IUA的主要病因，但在临床上接受过类似宫腔操作的患者中，IUA发病与否以及IUA的严重程度也不尽相同，因此IUA的发生可能存在其他的协同作用因素。IUA发病机制与生殖道微生物群存在一定的关联性，在许多IUA患者中都观察到阴道内乳杆菌等益生菌显著减少，加德纳菌和普雷沃氏菌等病原菌过度生长。生殖道微生物群能通过影响免疫功能和代谢来参与IUA的发生和发展。.
Keywords: cytokine; immune response; intrauterine adhesion; reproductive tract microbiota.