Objective: To analyze the clinical features, risk factors and prognosis of idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) complicated with ischemic stroke (IS) (DCM-IS). Methods: The clinical data of patients with idiopathic DCM (n=613) in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Liangxiang Hospital and Fuxing Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected, and among them, 123 cases were DCM-IS. Clinical features of patients with DCM-IS were summarized and multivariate logistic regression model was utilized to analyze the independent risk factors of DCM-IS. Furthermore, 1-year follow-up was conducted and Kaplan-Meier curve was adopted to analyze the prognosis of DCM, using all-cause death and heart transplantation as adverse outcomes. Results: Among the 70 patients with DCM-IS, 6 patients (8.6%, 6/70) were in accordance with the subtype of large artery atherosclerosis, and 47 patients (67.1%, 47/70) were in line with the subtype of cardiogenic embolism, and small artery occlusion subtype (ie, lacunar infarction) were detected in 17 cases (24.3%, 17/70). Hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=1.617, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.049-2.491, P=0.029], hyperlipidemia (OR=1.918, 95%CI: 1.198-3.073, P=0.007), atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR=1.617, 95%CI: 1.016-2.572, P=0.043), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR=0.986, 95%CI: 0.977-0.996, P=0.005) and a higher incidence of intracardiac thrombus (OR=6.127, 95%CI: 3.174-11.827, P<0.001) were risk factors for DCM-IS. The overall 1-year survival rate was lower in DCM-IS patients (70.7%) than DCM patients without stroke (83.6%, P=0.004), and the main causes of death included obstinate heart failure (3 cases of DCM-IS, and 5 cases of non-DCM-IS) and malignant arrhythmia (DCM-IS) (22 cases of DCM-IS, and 18 cases of non-DCM-IS). Conclusions: Among IS patients with idiopathic DCM, cardioembolism is the most common, followed by lacunar infarction, and the large-artery atherosclerotic subtype is the least common.Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, AF, lower eGFR value and higher incidence of intracardiac thrombus are risk factors for DCM-IS. DCM patients complicated with IS have poor short-term prognosis, and obstinate heart failure and malignant arrhythmia are their main causes of death.
目的： 分析特发性扩张型心肌病（DCM）合并缺血性卒中（IS）的临床特点、危险因素及其预后。 方法： 回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年12月首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院、北京市房山区良乡医院和首都医科大学附属复兴医院住院的613例特发性DCM患者的临床资料（其中合并IS者123例）。总结了特发性DCM患者合并IS的临床特点，采用多因素logistic回归模型分析特发性DCM合并IS的独立危险因素。对特发性DCM患者进行1年随访，以全因死亡和心脏移植为不良结局，采用Kaplan-Meier曲线描述患者的预后。 结果： 在70例特发性DCM合并IS患者中发现，符合大动脉粥样硬化亚型者6例（8.6%，6/70）、心源性栓塞亚型者47例（67.1%，47/70）、小动脉闭塞亚型（即腔隙性梗死）者17例（24.3%，17/70）。高血压（OR=1.617，95%CI：1.049~2.491，P=0.029）、高血脂（OR=1.918，95%CI：1.198~3.073，P=0.007）、心房颤动（AF）（OR=1.617，95%CI：1.016~2.572，P=0.043）、估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）低（OR=0.986，95%CI：0.977~0.996，P=0.005）以及心内血栓（OR=6.127，95%CI：3.174~11.827，P<0.001）是特发性DCM合并IS的危险因素。在特发性DCM合并IS患者中，1年的累积生存率（70.7%）（即未发生全因死亡/心脏移植）低于不合并IS者（83.6%，P=0.004），死因主要包括恶性心律失常（合并IS者3例、不合并IS者5例）、顽固性心衰（合并IS者22例、不合并IS者18例）。 结论： 在特发性DCM合并IS的患者中，心源性栓塞最常见，其次是腔隙性梗死，大动脉粥样硬化亚型最少见；高血压、高血脂、AF，更低的eGFR值以及心内血栓是特发性DCM合并IS的危险因素；特发性DCM合并IS的短期预后差，顽固性心衰和恶性心律失常是其主要死因。.