Keywords: BAFF, B cell-activating factor; CLE, cutaneous lupus erythematosus; DIF, direct immunofluorescence; DLE, discoid lupus erythematosus; EM, erythema multiforme; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IFNAR1, interferon- α receptor 1; IL, intralesional; IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin; LE, lupus erythematosus; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; PIPA, post inflammatory pigment alteration; RS, Rowell syndrome; Rowell syndrome; SCLE, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus; SLE, systemic lupus erythematous; anifrolumab; cutaneous lupus erythematous; immunotherapy.