Based on the district and county activity level data of different types of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) emission sources in the Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou (XZQ) Region and the modified emission factors, an ammonia emission inventory with a spatial resolution of 1 km×1 km in 2017 was established. In addition, the annual variations in NH3 emission from 2015 to 2020 in this region were analyzed. The results showed that the emission of NH3 in the XZQ Region in 2017 was 27.40 kt with livestock and poultry breeding, farmland ecosystem, human emission, fuel combustion, and waste treatment accounting for 42.48%, 22.04%, 14.71%, 7.08%, and 5.69% of the total emission, respectively. The order of emission density of NH3 was Xiamen (1.94 t·km-2)>Quanzhou (1.07 t·km-2)>Zhangzhou (0.95 t·km-2). High values of emission density were mainly concentrated in the coastal urban areas with a concentrated population and the inland township areas with developed livestock and poultry breeding and planting industries. The monthly variation in NH3 emissions was consistent with the pattern of temperature change, with high values in summer. Due to the different economic structure and development level in different cities, NH3 emissions in Quanzhou City showed a decline from 2015 to 2020, whereas there were fluctuations in the trends of ammonia emissions in Xiamen and Zhangzhou cities. The relationship between NH3 emission intensity and per capita GDP was significantly negative.
Keywords: Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou (XZQ) region; atmospheric NH3; emission density; emission inventory; tempo-spatial distribution.