Solid Phase Synthesis of DNA Nanostructures in Heavy Liquid

Abstract

Introduction of the solid phase method to synthesize biopolymers has revolutionized the field of biological research by enabling efficient production of peptides and oligonucleotides. One of the advantages of this method is the ease of removal of excess production materials from the desired product, as it is immobilized on solid substrate. The DNA origami method utilizes the nature of nucleotide base-pairing to construct well-defined objects at the nanoscale, and has become a potent tool for manipulating matter in the fields of chemistry, physics, and biology. Here, the development of an approach to synthesize DNA nanostructures directly on magnetic beads, where the reaction is performed in heavy liquid to maintain the beads in suspension is reported. It is demonstrated that the method can achieve high folding yields of up to 90% for various DNA shapes, comparable to standard folding. At the same time, this establishes an easy, fast, and efficient way to further functionalize the DNA origami in one-pot, as well as providing a built-in purification method for easy removal of excess by-products such as non-integrated DNA strands and residual functionalization molecules.

Keywords: DNA nanostructures; DNA origami; purification; sodium polytungstate; solid phase synthesis.