Enteral tube feeding selection at NICU discharge and resource utilization

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate resource utilization in infants discharged with different forms of feeding access.

Study design: Retrospective chart review of neonates discharged from 2012 to 2018. Data were collected from the medical record and relevant outcomes were compared.

Results: 300 patients were sampled. 196 (65%) were discharged on NG feeds, 95 (32%) via GT, and 9 gastrojejunal (GJ 3%). NG-fed infants discharged sooner (mean DOL: NG = 85.4 vs GT = 122.8, p < 0.001). More GT/GJ patients required emergency department (ED) visits for tube complications (GT = 61 vs GJ = 7 vs NG = 42, p < 0.001) and more frequently (mean visits: GT = 1.63 ± 2.33 vs GJ = 4.22 ± 4.44 vs NG = 0.48 ± 1.40, p < 0.001). However, 44 (24%) of the patients discharged on NG later had a GT placed.

Conclusions: Many patients discharged from the NICU can be supported with NG feeds. This may shorten hospital stays and decrease ED visits but select patients will later merit surgical tube placement.