The SARS-CoV-2 Delta-Omicron Recombinant Lineage (XD) Exhibits Immune-Escape Properties Similar to the Omicron (BA.1) Variant

Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 14;23(22):14057. doi: 10.3390/ijms232214057.

Abstract

Recently, a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 lineage, XD, emerged that harbors a spike gene that is largely derived from the Omicron variant BA.1 in the genetic background of the Delta variant. This finding raised concerns that the recombinant virus might exhibit altered biological properties as compared to the parental viruses and might pose an elevated threat to human health. Here, using pseudotyped particles, we show that ACE2 binding and cell tropism of XD mimics that of BA.1. Further, XD and BA.1 displayed comparable sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies induced upon vaccination with BNT162b2/Comirnaty (BNT) or BNT vaccination followed by breakthrough infection. Our findings reveal important biological commonalities between XD and Omicron BA.1 host cell entry and its inhibition by antibodies.

Keywords: BA.1; SARS-CoV-2; antibody evasion; delta variant; delta-omicron; deltacron; neutralization; omicron variant; recombinant; spike protein.

MeSH terms

  • BNT162 Vaccine
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus* / genetics
  • Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
  • Viral Envelope Proteins
  • BNT162 Vaccine
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • spike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants