Cognitive Digital Intervention for Older Patients with Parkinson's Disease during COVID-19: A Mixed-Method Pilot Study

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 11;19(22):14844. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192214844.

Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment is frequent among people with Parkinson's disease. Cognitive training seems effective for cognitive status and for mitigating anxiety and depression. With the COVID-19 outbreak, such therapeutic interventions were delivered online. This longitudinal mixed-method study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of an online cognitive treatment, carried out during COVID times and based on Parkinson's-Adapted Cognitive Stimulation Therapy, on cognitive domains and mood of 18 older people with Parkinson's disease. After screening, the cognitive status and mood were assessed three times by Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form. At the follow-up, patients were also interviewed for understanding their experience with the technology. Such treatment was effective on the participants' cognitive functions, but not on their mood. Despite some initial problems with the technology, the online intervention was experienced as a way of not being 'left behind', staying in contact with others, and being safe during the lockdown. This suggests that online cognitive treatment can be adopted to integrate face-to-face interventions by increasing their efficacy, accessibility, and long-term outcomes. Suggestions for future research are given.

Keywords: COVID-19; cognition; cognitive telerehabilitation; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; neuropsychological test; parkinson’s disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • COVID-19* / therapy
  • Cognition
  • Communicable Disease Control
  • Humans
  • Parkinson Disease* / complications
  • Parkinson Disease* / therapy
  • Pilot Projects

Grants and funding

This work was funded by Ricerca Corrente funding from the Italian Ministry of Health to IRCCS INRCA. This funding body did not play any role in designing the study nor in data collection and interpretation.