At present, the death cases of simple asphyxiant gas acute poisoning are increasing sharply. Common asphyxiant gases in death cases include nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, methane, propane, laughing gas, etc. Simple asphyxiant gas has no affinity for biological matrices and escapes quickly, which puts forward new requirements for autopsy procedures, selection and collection of samples, laboratory analysis and identification. This paper reviews the research and development process of death cases caused by simple asphyxiant gas acute poisoning and put forwards the collection and analysis strategy of the samples in such cases. The most valuable biological samples in such cases should be lung tissues associated with the airways, followed by brain tissue and cardiac blood. Gaseous samples from the esophageal cavity, tracheal cavity, pulmonary bronchi, gastric and cardiac areas are also recommended as valuable samples. In the case of postmortem examination, the gas should be injected into gas sample bag directly. Biological materials such as tissue and blood should be directly sealed in head-space vials and analyzed by using the headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
当前，单纯窒息性气体急性中毒死亡案件呈急剧增加趋势。死亡案件中常见窒息性气体包括氮气、氦气、二氧化碳、甲烷、丙烷、笑气等。单纯窒息性气体对生物基质没有亲和力，逸出迅速，这对法医学尸体检验方案、检材选择与提取、实验室分析鉴定等提出了新要求。本文综述了单纯窒息性气体急性中毒死亡案件的研究发展过程，并提出此类案件的检材提取和分析策略。该类案件最有价值的检材应是与气道有关的肺组织，其次为脑组织和心血。食管腔内气体、气管腔内气体、肺支气管腔内气体、胃内气体和心腔内气体等均非常有价值。在尸体检验时，气体应直接注入气体采样袋，组织、心血等生物检材应直接封存于顶空小瓶，采用顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法分析。.
Keywords: appraisal strategy; asphyxiant gas; collection of samples; forensic toxicology; laboratory analysis; poisoning; review.