One of the materials that attracts attention as a potential material for membrane formation is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). One potential material for membrane formation is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The present review summarizes the results of studies carried out over the last 30 years in the field of preparation, modification and structure and property control of membranes made from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. The review also presents a classification of the methods of membrane formation from this polymer and analyzes the conventional (based on the analysis of incomplete phase diagrams) and alternative (based on the analysis of phase diagrams supplemented by a boundary line reflecting the polymer swelling degree dependence on temperature) physicochemical concepts of the thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method used to prepare UHMWPE membranes. It also considers the main ways to control the structure and properties of UHMWPE membranes obtained by TIPS and the original variations of this method. This review discusses the current challenges in UHMWPE membrane formation, such as the preparation of a homogeneous solution and membrane shrinkage. Finally, the article speculates about the modification and application of UHMWPE membranes and further development prospects. Thus, this paper summarizes the achievements in all aspects of UHMWPE membrane studies.
Keywords: membrane formation; phase diagram; powder sintering; shrinkage of membranes; structure formation; thermally induced phase separation; ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.