Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of internal carotid artery (ICA) embolization technology in endoscopic salvage surgery for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) invading the ICA. Methods: From January 2016 to March 2021, 83 patients with rNPC who invaded the ICA and underwent endoscopic extended nasopharyngectomy were retrospectively collected from the Eye & ENT Hospital in Fudan University, including 60 males and 23 females. The age of the patients ranged from 27 to 77 years. The standard of ICA invasion was that the distance from the lesion to the ICA on enhanced MRI was ≤ 1.8 mm. The clinical characteristics, ICA management strategy and survival prognosis of patients were analyzed, and the effectiveness of ICA embolization was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate and Log-rank test was used to compare the difference. Results: In 83 patients with rNPC, there were 13 patients with rT2, 38 patients with rT3, 32 patients with rT4, and 16 patients had lymph node metastasis. A total of 37 patients (44.6%) underwent ICA coil embolization before surgery, of which 2 cases underwent external carotid-middle cerebral artery artery bypass grafting and ICA embolization due to positive balloon occlusion test (BOT). Patients with positive surgical margin accounted for 24.1% (20/83). Among them, patients with rT4 and patients without ICA embolization had a higher positive rate of surgical margin (P value was 0.001, 0.043, respectively). The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) rate of all patients was 46.5% and 26.7%, respectively. In addition, the 3-year OS and PFS of patients with ICA embolization was significantly higher than those without ICA embolization, respectively (69.1% vs 27.8%, P=0.003; 33.9% vs 18.9%, P=0.018). Only 2 patients (2/37, 5.4%) had cerebral infarction complications after coil embolization of the affected ICA due to negative BOT. Conclusion: Preoperative ICA embolization can be used to treat patients with rNPC invading the ICA, improve the total removal rate and survival rate of patients, which is an effective salvage treatment.
目的： 评价颈内动脉栓塞技术在内镜挽救性手术治疗侵犯颈内动脉的复发性鼻咽癌（recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinorna，rNPC）中的有效性。 方法： 回顾性收集2016年1月至2021年3月复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院收治的侵犯颈内动脉并行内镜下鼻咽部扩大切除术的rNPC患者83例，其中男60例，女23例，年龄27~77岁。将增强MRI显示病变与颈内动脉间距≤1.8 mm设为颈内动脉受侵的标准。分析患者的临床特点、颈内动脉处理策略及生存预后，并评价颈内动脉栓塞技术的有效性。使用Kaplan-Meier方法计算生存率，并使用对数秩检验比较差异性。 结果： 83例rNPC患者中，rT2、rT3和rT4期患者分别为13、38和32例，16例患者出现淋巴结转移。术前进行颈内动脉弹簧圈栓塞的患者37例（44.6%），其中2例因球囊闭塞试验（balloon occlusion test，BOT）阳性先行颈外动脉-大脑中动脉搭桥，后行颈内动脉栓塞。手术切缘阳性患者比例为24.1%（20/83），其中rT4期患者及颈内动脉未栓塞患者具有更高的手术切缘阳性率（P值分别为0.001、0.043）。所有患者3年的总体生存率、无肿瘤进展生存率分别为46.5%和26.7%。此外，颈内动脉栓塞组患者的3年总体生存率、无肿瘤进展生存率明显高于颈内动脉未栓塞组患者（69.1%比27.8%，P=0.003；33.9%比18.9%，P=0.018）。仅2例（2/37，5.4%）患者行患侧颈内动脉弹簧圈栓塞后出现脑梗死并发症。 结论： 术前颈内动脉栓塞技术可用于治疗侵犯颈内动脉的rNPC患者，提高肿瘤的全切率和患者生存率，是有效的挽救性治疗措施。.