Photochemical Decarbonylation of Oxetanone and Azetidinone: Spectroscopy, Computational Models, and Synthetic Applications

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2023 Jan 16;62(3):e202215856. doi: 10.1002/anie.202215856. Epub 2022 Dec 13.

Abstract

Photoexcitation of cyclic ketones leads to the expulsion of carbon monoxide and a mixture of products derived from diradical intermediates. Here we show that synthetic utility of this process is improved if strained heterocyclic ketones are used. Photochemistry of 3-oxetanone and N-Boc-3-azetidinone has not been previously described. Decarbonylation of these 4-membered rings proceeds through a step-wise Norrish type I cleavage of the C-C bond from the singlet excited state. Ylides derived from both compounds are high-energy species that are kinetically stable long enough to undergo [3+2] cycloaddition with a variety of alkenes and produce substituted tetrahydrofurans and pyrrolidines. The reaction has a sufficiently wide scope to produce scaffolds that were either previously inaccessible or difficult to synthesize, thereby providing experimental access to new chemical space.

Keywords: Computational Models; Cycloaddition; Decarbonylation; Kinetics; Photochemistry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Azetidines*
  • Computer Simulation
  • Ketones* / chemistry
  • Spectrum Analysis

Substances

  • 2-azetidinone
  • Ketones
  • Azetidines