Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Presence of Human and Xenogeneic Acellular Dermal Matrix and Collagen Membrane: an in vitro Study

Sepideh Gholamhoseinnia; Vahid Esfahanian; Shirin Amini Sedeh

doi:10.30476/DENTJODS.2021.89497.1418

Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Presence of Human and Xenogeneic Acellular Dermal Matrix and Collagen Membrane: an in vitro Study

J Dent (Shiraz). 2022 Jun;23(1 Suppl):208-213. doi: 10.30476/DENTJODS.2021.89497.1418.

Authors

Sepideh Gholamhoseinnia¹, Vahid Esfahanian², Shirin Amini Sedeh²

Affiliations

¹ Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
² Dept. of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.

Abstract

Statement of the problem: Predictable bone regeneration is an objective in implant and periodontal treatments and barrier membranes may play a significant role in osteogenic reconstruction and differentiation.

Purpose: We compared the osteoblastic differentiation level of bone marrow stem cells in the vicinity of different barrier membranes.

Materials and method: In this experimental in vitro study, human collagen membrane (HCM; Regen), xenogeneic collagen membrane (XCM; Jason), human acellular dermal matrix (HADM; Regen), and xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (XADM) were used in 4 groups. No membranes were used in the control group (5th group). Bone marrow stem cells with 150,000 cells/well density were added to the culture medium. Cellular differentiation was assessed through real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteopontin (OPN) gene expression, and Alizarin Red staining after 21 days. Data were analyzed using Kruskal- Wallis and Mann-Whitney statistical tests on SPSS 20 software (p Value< 0.05).

Results: ALP gene expression was significantly higher in HCM group compared to other four groups (p< 0.009) followed by XADM, control, HADM and XCM groups, respectively (p< 0.001). OPN gene expression was significantly more prominent in HCM group compared to other groups (p< 0.01) followed by XADM group in which OPN gene was expressed significantly more than XCM group. OPN gene expression was not significantly different in HADM and control groups (p= 0.52). Light absorption rate was higher in HCM group compared with other groups (p< 0.012). Light absorption rate was not significantly different among HADM, XADM, and control groups (p> 0.05), though it was higher in XCM group (p= 0.009).

Conclusion: Bone marrow stem cells show different levels of differentiation in the vicinity of different membranes. Generally, cell differentiation was more prominent in the vicinity of human collagen membrane.

Keywords: Acellular Dermal Matrix; Bone; Collagen; Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteogenesis; Periodontal Guided Tissue; Regeneration.