Releasing chemical energy in spatiallyprogrammed ferroelectrics

Yong Hu; Jennifer L Gottfried; Rose Pesce-Rodriguez; Chi-Chin Wu; Scott D Walck; Zhiyu Liu; Sangeeth Balakrishnan; Scott Broderick; Zipeng Guo; Qiang Zhang; Lu An; Revant Adlakha; Mostafa Nouh; Chi Zhou; Peter W Chung; Shenqiang Ren

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-34819-z

Releasing chemical energy in spatiallyprogrammed ferroelectrics

Nat Commun. 2022 Nov 15;13(1):6959. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-34819-z.

Authors

Yong Hu¹, Jennifer L Gottfried², Rose Pesce-Rodriguez², Chi-Chin Wu², Scott D Walck³, Zhiyu Liu⁴, Sangeeth Balakrishnan⁴, Scott Broderick⁵, Zipeng Guo⁶, Qiang Zhang⁷, Lu An¹, Revant Adlakha¹, Mostafa Nouh¹, Chi Zhou⁶, Peter W Chung⁴, Shenqiang Ren^{8

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Affiliations

¹ Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
² Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, US Army Combat Capabilities Development-Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD, 21005, USA.
³ Survice Engineering Co., Belcamp, MD, 21017, USA.
⁴ Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20740, USA.
⁵ Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
⁶ Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
⁷ Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
⁸ Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA. shenren@buffalo.edu.
⁹ Research and Education in Energy Environment & Water Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA. shenren@buffalo.edu.
¹⁰ Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA. shenren@buffalo.edu.

Abstract

Chemical energy ferroelectrics are generally solid macromolecules showing spontaneous polarization and chemical bonding energy. These materials still suffer drawbacks, including the limited control of energy release rate, and thermal decomposition energy well below total chemical energy. To overcome these drawbacks, we report the integrated molecular ferroelectric and energetic material from machine learning-directed additive manufacturing coupled with the ice-templating assembly. The resultant aligned porous architecture shows a low density of 0.35 g cm^-3, polarization-controlled energy release, and an anisotropic thermal conductivity ratio of 15. Thermal analysis suggests that the chlorine radicals react with macromolecules enabling a large exothermic enthalpy of reaction (6180 kJ kg^-1). In addition, the estimated detonation velocity of molecular ferroelectrics can be tuned from 6.69 ± 0.21 to 7.79 ± 0.25 km s^-1 by switching the polarization state. These results provide a pathway toward spatially programmed energetic ferroelectrics for controlled energy release rates.

Abstract

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