The impact of aging and physical training on angiogenesis in the musculoskeletal system

PeerJ. 2022 Nov 3:10:e14228. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14228. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Angiogenesis is the physiological process of capillary growth. It is strictly regulated by the balanced activity of agents that promote the formation of capillaries (pro-angiogenic factors) on the one hand and inhibit their growth on the other hand (anti-angiogenic factors). Capillary rarefaction and insufficient angiogenesis are some of the main causes that limit blood flow during aging, whereas physical training is a potent non-pharmacological method to intensify capillary growth in the musculoskeletal system. The main purpose of this study is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the key signalling molecules implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle and bone angiogenesis during aging and physical training.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Bone aging; Capillaries; Muscle-bone crosstalk; Nitric oxide; Physical training; Skeletal muscle aging; VEGF.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Exercise*
  • Muscle, Skeletal* / blood supply
  • Neovascularization, Physiologic / physiology

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the National Science Centre (NCN) grant number 2017/27/B/NZ7/01976. The publication was created with the use of equipment co-financed by the qLIFE Priority Research Area under the program “Excellence Initiative—Research University” at Jagiellonian University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.