Distance between the lead-implanted site and tricuspid valve annulus in patients with left bundle branch pacing: Effects on postoperative tricuspid regurgitation deterioration

Heart Rhythm. 2023 Feb;20(2):217-223. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.10.027. Epub 2022 Nov 5.

Abstract

Background: Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is an alternative strategy for His-bundle pacing (HBP); however, little is known about tricuspid regurgitation (TR) deterioration after LBBP implantation.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the incidence of post-LBBP TR deterioration and identify predicting factors, especially lead position parameters.

Methods: Patients who received LBBP were continuously enrolled from January 2018 to August 2020. The progression of TR and the anatomic position of LBBP were characterized by echocardiography.

Results: A total of 89 patients were enrolled and assigned to 2 subgroups based on the degree of TR before LBBP implantation: 58 (65.2%) with relatively normal tricuspid valve (TV) function (grade 0/1 subgroup: with none/trivial or mild TR) and 31 (34.8%) with more severe TR (grade 2/3 subgroup: with moderate or severe TR). At 19.0 ± 6.5 months of follow-up, 29 patients (32.6%) had TR deterioration, and 23 of them were in the grade 0/1 subgroup. In the grade 0/1 subgroup, patients with TR deterioration had a shorter distance between the lead-implanted site and TV (Lead-TA-dist) than those without TR (19.0 ± 7.6 vs 23.9 ± 5.4; P = .006). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (area under the curve 0.721; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.575-0.867; P = .005) indicated the favorable efficacy of Lead-TA-dist for predicting TR deterioration after LBBP. Lead-TA-dist ≤16.1 mm was independently associated with TR deterioration after LBBP (hazard ratio 0.20; 95% CI 0.06-0.76; P = .017).

Conclusion: TR was a common complication of LBBP implantation. In patients with none/trivial or mild TR, Lead-TA-dist ≤16.1 mm was an independent predictor of TR deterioration after LBBP implantation.

Keywords: Echocardiographic evaluation; Lead-implanted location; Left bundle branch pacing; Pacemaker complications; Tricuspid regurgitation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bundle of His
  • Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / adverse effects
  • Electrocardiography
  • Humans
  • Pacemaker, Artificial* / adverse effects
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tricuspid Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Tricuspid Valve / surgery
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / diagnosis
  • Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency* / etiology