Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strain TCI904 reduces body weight gain, modulates immune response, improves metabolism and anxiety in high fat diet-induced obese mice

Yung-Kai Lin; Yung-Hsiang Lin; Chi-Fu Chiang; Tsung-Ming Yeh; Wen-Ling Shih

doi:10.1007/s13205-022-03356-3

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strain TCI904 reduces body weight gain, modulates immune response, improves metabolism and anxiety in high fat diet-induced obese mice

3 Biotech. 2022 Dec;12(12):341. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03356-3. Epub 2022 Nov 4.

Authors

Yung-Kai Lin¹, Yung-Hsiang Lin², Chi-Fu Chiang², Tsung-Ming Yeh^{3

4}, Wen-Ling Shih³

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Food Safety and Risk Management, Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
² Research & Design Center, TCI Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan.
³ Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1, Shuefu Rd., Neipu, Pingtung 91201 Taiwan.
⁴ General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Neipu, Pingtung Taiwan.

Abstract

The multiple probiotic characteristics of strain TCI904 isolated in this study from natural fermented milk were investigated using a mouse model. TCI904 was identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricu (LDB), a well-known lactic acid starter bacterium found in yogurt. TCI904 exhibited an outstanding pancreatic lipase inhibition activity among several strains of lactic acid bacteria in vitro. Its in vivo effects were further studied. In a comparison of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and those fed a HFD combined with TCI904 for 9 weeks, differences were observed in various aspects of health, and the adverse effects of a HFD were prevented in the latter group. TCI904 effectively prevented fat and body weight accumulation without reducing food intake; it also modulated innate immunity and increased the level of IgA in feces, reversing the increased blood sugar and insulin levels and attenuated the hyperlipidemia caused by a HFD. Based on biochemical test data, compared with the HFD group, a HFD combined with TCI904 induced significant lowering of insulin resistance indicator, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and atherogenic indices of plasma (AIP), the atherogenic coefficient (AC) and cardiac risk ratio (CRR) and increased the cardioprotective index (CPI). In addition, the administration of TCI904 alleviated mood disorders caused by a HFD. Taking the recommended human dose of TCI904 did not affect the liver or kidney function, indicating that TCI904 has sufficient in vivo safety. Taken together, the results of the present study contributed towards validation of the probiotic benefits of lactic acid starter microflora. Orally taken TCI904 exhibited positive immune- and metabolic-modulating, and anxiolytic properties, especially in HFD-induced obesity.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03356-3.

Keywords: Anxiety; Atherogenic indices; Insulin resistance; Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.