Cryo-EM structure shows how two IGF1 hormones bind to the human IGF1R receptor

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2022 Dec 25;636(Pt 1):121-124. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.056. Epub 2022 Oct 20.

Abstract

IGF1R plays an important role in regulating cellular metabolism and cell growth, and has been identified as an anti-cancer and diabetes drug target. Although research have been reported many crystal and cryo-EM structures of IGF1R, the mechanism of ligand binding remains controversial, mainly because the structure differences among its cryo-EM, crystal and homologous protein insulin receptor structures. Here, we further determined one new high-resolution symmetric cryo-EM structure of ligand-bound IGF1R and be the first to prove that the receptor could bind to two IGFI molecules by single particle cryo-electron microscopy. And the structure is very different from its homologous protein insulin receptor: the two ligands just exist at the binding site 2 with saturating ligand conditions. Then, our findings resolved the major dispute about the comformational changes of IGF1R, and proposed a new theory how IGF1R binds to its ligands. Meanwhile, these findings imply more attention may be needed to study the relationship between the special conformation and their corresponding physiological functions in future.

Keywords: Cryo-EM; IGF1; IGF1R.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cryoelectron Microscopy
  • Hormones
  • Humans
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* / chemistry
  • Ligands
  • Protein Domains
  • Receptor, IGF Type 1* / chemistry
  • Receptor, Insulin / chemistry

Substances

  • Hormones
  • IGF1 protein, human
  • IGF1R protein, human
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
  • Ligands
  • Receptor, IGF Type 1
  • Receptor, Insulin