Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004-2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

Ao Chen; Di Chen; Xiaoyi Hu; Christina M Harth; Dickon Young; Jens Mühle; Paul B Krummel; Simon O'Doherty; Ray F Weiss; Ronald G Prinn; Xuekun Fang

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120570

Historical trend of ozone-depleting substances and hydrofluorocarbon concentrations during 2004-2020 derived from satellite observations and estimates for global emissions

Environ Pollut. 2023 Jan 1;316(Pt 1):120570. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120570. Epub 2022 Oct 31.

Authors

Ao Chen¹, Di Chen², Xiaoyi Hu², Christina M Harth³, Dickon Young⁴, Jens Mühle³, Paul B Krummel⁵, Simon O'Doherty⁴, Ray F Weiss³, Ronald G Prinn⁶, Xuekun Fang⁷

Affiliations

¹ College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
² College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
³ Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
⁴ School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
⁵ Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁷ College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China; Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address: fangxuekun@zju.edu.cn.

PMID: 36328288
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120570

Abstract

Global concentrations (or mole fractions) and emissions of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and their hydrofluorocarbon (HFCs) substitutes that are controlled by the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments and adjustments (MP) are of great interest to both the scientific community and public. Previous studies on global concentrations and emissions have mostly relied on ground-based observations. Here, we assess the global concentrations and emissions of eight MP controlled substances and methyl chloride from ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment high-resolution infrared Fourier transform spectrometer) satellite observations: CFC-11 (CFCl₃), CFC-12 (CF₂Cl₂), CCl₄, HCFC-22 (CHClF₂), HCFC-141b (C₂H₃Cl₂F), HCFC-142b (C₂H₃ClF₂), HFC-23 (CHF₃), HFC-134a (C₂H₂F₄), and CH₃Cl. Results show that the ACE-FTS satellite observations can be used to derive the concentrations and emissions of these ODSs, HFCs, and CH₃Cl, as they are consistent with those derived from the ground-based observations. Our findings imply that the changes in the concentrations and emissions of the ODSs and HFCs closely match the regulatory status of the MP, and satellite observations can be used to monitor the past and future progress of the MP.

Keywords: Concentration; Emission; Montreal protocol; Ozone-depleting substance; Satellite ACE-FTS.

MeSH terms

Ozone*

Substances

Ozone