Transcriptome analysis of hepatopancreas and gills of Palaemon gravieri under salinity stress

Wenjun Shi; Runhao Hu; Ran Zhao; Jianqiang Zhu; Hui Shen; Hui Li; Libao Wang; Zeyu Yang; Qi Jiang; Yi Qiao; Ge Jiang; Jie Cheng; Xihe Wan

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2022.147013

Transcriptome analysis of hepatopancreas and gills of Palaemon gravieri under salinity stress

Gene. 2023 Jan 30:851:147013. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147013. Epub 2022 Oct 30.

Authors

Wenjun Shi¹, Runhao Hu², Ran Zhao², Jianqiang Zhu², Hui Shen³, Hui Li³, Libao Wang³, Zeyu Yang⁴, Qi Jiang³, Yi Qiao³, Ge Jiang³, Jie Cheng³, Xihe Wan⁵

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong 226007, China; Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
² Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong 226007, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
³ Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong 226007, China.
⁴ Aquatic Product Technology Extension Station of Gaoyou, Gaoyou 225634, China.
⁵ Institute of Oceanology & Marine Fisheries, Jiangsu, Nantong 226007, China. Electronic address: wxh1708@163.com.

PMID: 36323362
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147013

Abstract

Salinity is an important factor in the aquatic environment, and its fluctuations always result in osmotic stress, which affects the survival, distribution, and physiological activities of crustaceans. Crustaceans counter them through osmoregulation, which consists of many mechanisms. Palaemon gravieri is an important economic species in Palaemonidae, widely distributed in the southern East China Sea and the China Yellow Sea, and has a good adaptability to salinity stress. Currently, there are only a few studies on the effects of salinity on P. graviera. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the molecular responses of P. gravieri to salinity fluctuations. In this study, P. gravieri was treated with salinities of 10, 25, and 40, and the hepatopancreas and gills of shrimp in the different salinity groups were sampled after 24 h. The samples were used for RNA extraction and transcriptome analysis. In total, 80,994 unigenes were obtained, of which 19,114 were annotated. The differences in gene expression between different tissues at the same salinity were more significant. Many metabolism-related genes were downregulated in the gills, such as beta-hexosaminidase subunit alpha (HEXA), 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (ALDH1L1), and Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 (ADH5). Scanning transmission electron microscope analysis showed that the expression levels of some stress-(but not salinity stress) related genes changed after stress (mostly upregulated), suggesting the existence of secondary stress. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) focused on the expression of transporters in osmoregulation, and the results showed that they mainly played a role in the gills, but ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters were more active in the hepatopancreas. This study showed that the response of P. gravieri to salinity change was different not only between the hepatopancreas and gills, but also between low salinity and higher salinity, and the ion transport-related genes were mainly expressed in the gills. Overall, these results improve our understanding of salt tolerance mechanism in P. gravieri.

Keywords: Metabolism; Palaemon gravieri; Salinity stress; Transcriptome; Transporters.

MeSH terms

Animals
Gene Expression Profiling
Gills / metabolism
Hepatopancreas* / metabolism
Osmoregulation / genetics
Palaemonidae* / genetics
Transcriptome