Influence of traditional processing and genotypes on the antioxidant and antihyperglycaemic activities of yellow-fleshed cassava

Babajide Kareem; Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi; Emmanuel Oladeji Alamu; Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani; Adebayo Abass; Michael Adesokan; Elizabeth Parkes; Busie Maziya-Dixon

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.894843

Influence of traditional processing and genotypes on the antioxidant and antihyperglycaemic activities of yellow-fleshed cassava

Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 14:9:894843. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.894843. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Babajide Kareem^{1

2}, Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi¹, Emmanuel Oladeji Alamu^{2

2}, Emmanuel Oladipo Ajani¹, Adebayo Abass³, Michael Adesokan², Elizabeth Parkes⁴, Busie Maziya-Dixon²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Kwara State University, Ilorin, Nigeria.
² Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Lusaka, Zambia.
³ International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
⁴ International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Abstract

Yellow-fleshed cassava root (YFCR) is processed into traditional products that may influence its bioactivities. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-hyperglycaemic activities of three traditional products (lafun, fufu and gari) from five genotypes (IITA-TMS-IBA070337, 182961, 182962, 182986, 183044) of YFCR were evaluated. The YFCR genotypes were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) research field, Ibadan. The bioactive constituents (total carotenoids, total phenolics, tannins and total flavonoids), antioxidant [2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical cation (ABTS^•+) and 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH^•) scavenging capacities, and reducing power], and starch-digesting enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the products were determined using standard laboratory methods. The glucose response of the products was assessed in human subjects. The concentrations of the bioactive constituents of the products from different genotypes varied significantly (p < 0.05). The ABTS^•+ and DPPH^• scavenging capacities and the reducing power of the products also differed significantly (p < 0.05), such that the lafun from IITA-TMS-IBA182962, IITA-TMS-IBA070337 and IITA-TMS-IBA070337 had the strongest ABTS^•+ and DPPH^• scavenging capacities, and reducing power, respectively. The α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the three products differed significantly (p < 0.05), with the lafun from IITA-TMS-IBA070337 and IITA-TMS-IBA07033 having the strongest α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, respectively. Also, the lafun from IITA-TMS-182986 had the least glucose response, while the fufu from IITA-TMS-IBA070337 had the highest glucose response. Overall, the lafun from different genotypes of YFCR had the most potent antioxidant and starch-digesting enzymes inhibitory activities and the least glucose responses. Hence, lafun may be a promising dietary intervention targeting oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, and their resultant type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: antioxidant activity; bioactive constituents; glycaemic index; starch-digesting enzymes; traditional products; yellow-fleshed cassava.