Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic-assisted thoracoscopic day surgery for pulmonary nodules. Methods: Clinical data of 523 patients with pulmonary nodule underwent robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, which including 223 males and 300 females, aged from 19 to 72 (54.0±11.7) years. Those patients were divided into the day surgery group (DSG) and inpatient surgery group (ISG) according to perioperative management methods. Propensity score matching (PSM) (1∶2) was performed according to the general baseline information, T stage of the tumor, surgery approach, and tumor position, and a total of 178 patients were finally included. Clinical outcomes of DSG were observed. The differences in incidence of postoperative complications, treatment-related costs and resource consumption between DSG and ISG were compared. Subgroup analysis was performed according to surgery method to evaluate the difference between DSG and ISG in lobectomy and sublobectomy. Results: In 81 cases DSG, eight patients were transferred to thoracic surgery ward, and the day surgery discharge rate was 90% (73/81). There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications between DSG and ISG (P=0.612). The length of stay after surgery, period of chest draining, average hospital cost, and drug cost of DSG were statistically significant lower than ISG, ((2.19±0.84) vs (4.74±1.81) days, (1.70±0.65) vs (3.45±1.85) days, (6.64±0.74) vs (8.29±0.97)×104 CNY, (0.35±0.07) vs (0.69±0.18)×104 CNY), respectively(all P<0.05). The drainage volume and VAS score at discharge in DSG and ISG group were(220.47±120.02) ml and(242.21±129.96) ml, 1.68±0.79 and 1.64±0.91, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). In subgroup analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications, drainage volume after surgery and VAS score at discharge between DSG and ISG both for lobectomy and sublobectomy patients. And the results of the length of stay after surgery, period of chest draining, and drug cost in DSG were also significantly lower than ISG (P<0.05). Conclusions: Robotic-assisted thoracoscopic day surgery for pulmonary nodule is safe and feasible, with the advantage of short length of stay after surgery, short period of chest draining, less average hospital cost and drug cost. There is no difference in incidence of postoperative complications between DSG and ISG.
目的： 评估机器人辅助肺结节日间手术的可行性和安全性。 方法： 回顾性收集2021年1月至2022年6月于中南大学湘雅医院胸外科接受机器人辅助肺结节手术的523例患者资料，男223例，女300例，年龄19~72（54.0±11.7）岁。根据围手术期管理模式分为日间手术组（81例）和住院手术组（442例）。根据两组患者的一般情况、肿瘤影像学T分期、手术方式、肿瘤位置进行1∶2倾向性评分匹配（PSM），PSM后共纳入178例患者，包括日间手术组74例，住院手术组104例。观察PSM前日间手术组患者的临床结局。比较PSM后两组患者间术后并发症发生率和围手术期情况的差异。根据患者手术方式进行分层分析，分别比较肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除患者中日间手术组和住院手术组术后并发症发生率和围手术期情况的差异。 结果： 在81例日间手术患者中，共8例患者转回普通病房，日间出院率达90%（73/81）。PSM后日间手术组术后并发症总体发生率与住院手术组差异无统计学意义（P=0.612）。日间手术组术后住院时长、胸管留置时长、住院总费用、药品费用均少于住院手术组［（2.19±0.84）比（4.74±1.81）d、（1.70±0.65）比（3.45±1.85）d、（6.64±0.74）比（8.29±0.97）万元、（0.35±0.07）比（0.69±0.18）万元］（均P<0.05）。日间手术组和住院手术组术后引流量分别为（220.47±120.02）ml和（242.21±129.96）ml，出院时视觉模拟评分法（VAS）疼痛评分分别为1.68±0.79和1.64±0.91，差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。分层分析中，日间手术组和住院手术组肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除的术后并发症发生率、术后引流量和出院VAS疼痛评分差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。日间手术组肺叶切除和亚肺叶切除患者的术后住院时长、胸管留置时长、住院总费用、药品费用均少于住院手术组，差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。 结论： 机器人辅助肺结节日间手术是安全可行的，与机器人辅助住院手术相比具有住院时长短、胸管留置时长短、费用低等优势，且术后并发症发生率与住院手术间差异不具有统计学意义。.