Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Among Muslim High School Students in Jakarta Metropolitan Area, Indonesia

Zilhadia Zilhadia; Fajar Ariyanti; Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah; Dewi Utami Iriani; Febi Dwirahmadi

doi:10.2147/JMDH.S380171

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Among Muslim High School Students in Jakarta Metropolitan Area, Indonesia

J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Oct 14:15:2341-2352. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S380171. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Zilhadia Zilhadia¹, Fajar Ariyanti², Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah², Dewi Utami Iriani², Febi Dwirahmadi³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia.
² Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia.
³ Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination uptake and the intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among Muslim high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia.

Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted for high school students. The population in this study were Muslim students grade 11 and 12 at secondary high school living and studying in Jakarta Metropolitan area. A total of 440 samples have been selected using non-probability sampling. In this study, the independent variables were factors associated with vaccination behaviors that were derived from the HBM and TPB theories, while the dependent variables were vaccination uptake and vaccination intention. Factors associated with the dependent variables have been identified using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.

Results: About 65% respondents had received COVID-19 vaccine and 72% of those who had not received COVID-19 vaccine had the intention to receive the vaccine. Some of the behavioral model variables such as the perceived susceptibility score, perceived severity score, perceived benefits score, perceived barriers score, self-efficacy score, attitude score, and social norms score were significantly associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among high school students. Furthermore, all of the behavioral model variables, ie, perceived susceptibility score, perceived severity score, perceived benefits score, perceived barriers score, cues to action score, self-efficacy score, attitude score, social norms score, and perceived behavioral control score were significantly associated with an intention of being vaccinated.

Conclusion: The vaccination for students can be set in more affordable locationsfor example, in schools. In addition, efforts to increase student knowledge regarding the effectiveness and safety of vaccines and the dangers of COVID-19 should be sustained.

Keywords: COVID-19 vaccination; adolescents; developing countries; health belief model; theory of planned behavior.

Grants and funding

This study was funded by the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia, with grant number 2132.BGC.001.057.