Sex Differences in Airway Diseases

Mackenzie Latour; Devyani Lal; Michael T Yim

doi:10.1016/j.otc.2022.09.004

Sex Differences in Airway Diseases

Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2023 Feb;56(1):55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.09.004. Epub 2022 Oct 18.

Authors

Mackenzie Latour¹, Devyani Lal², Michael T Yim³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
² Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA.
³ Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health, 1501 Kings Hwy, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. Electronic address: Michael.yim@lsuhs.edu.

PMID: 36266107
DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2022.09.004

Abstract

It is evident that sex and gender differences impact pathophysiology, disease burden, and treatment outcomes for a variety of systems and major illnesses including those affecting the unified airway. Important male-female differences in unified airway disease are driven by various intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms including anatomic, morphometric, hormonal, genetic (and epigenetic), environmental, psycho-social, and comorbidity-related factors. This review highlights current knowledge of how patient sex influences epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes for diseases affecting the unified airway.

Keywords: Gender gap; Respiratory disease; Sex disparity; Unified airway; Unified airway disease.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Comorbidity
Female
Humans
Male
Respiratory System*
Sex Characteristics*
Sex Factors