Gut bacterial extracellular vesicles: important players in regulating intestinal microenvironment

Gut Microbes. 2022 Jan-Dec;14(1):2134689. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2134689.

Abstract

Intestinal microenvironment dysbiosis is one of the major causes of diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer. Microbiota-based strategies have excellent clinical potential in the treatment of repetitive and refractory diseases; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Identification of the internal regulatory mechanism of the gut microbiome and the interaction mechanisms involving bacteria-host is essential to achieve precise control of the gut microbiome and obtain effective clinical data. Gut bacteria-derived extracellular vesicles (GBEVs) are lipid bilayer nanoparticles secreted by the gut microbiota and are considered key players in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host communication. This review focusses on the role of GBEVs in gut microbiota interactions and bacteria-host communication, and the potential clinical applications of GBEVs.

Keywords: Bacteria-bacteria interaction; bacteria-host interaction; gut bacterial extracellular vesicles; intestinal dysbiosis; intestinal microenvironment.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacteria / genetics
  • Dysbiosis / microbiology
  • Extracellular Vesicles*
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome* / physiology
  • Humans
  • Lipid Bilayers

Substances

  • Lipid Bilayers

Grants and funding

This work was supported, at least in part, by the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants [number 31770066 and 31470218; Y.W.]; the Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant [number 32000081; K.S.]; the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation under Grant [number 1908085QC120; K.S.]; the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China under Grant [number KJ2019A0040; K.S.]; the Open Fund for Discipline Construction, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology of Anhui University under Grant [Y.W.]; the Outstanding Talents Program of Anhui University, China under Grant [Y.W.]; and the Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Anhui University under Grant [K.S.].