In this Letter, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, way to reduce the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) based on the selective mapping-partial transmit sequence (SLM-PTS) method, which uses chaotic sequences to give rise to random phases and random split positions. For the first time, the public and private keys are both used for encryption in the sparse code multiple access-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (SCMA-OFDM) system. The public keys are used for improvement of the PAPR while the private keys show great promises in the protection of the privacy for different users. Meanwhile, the accurate phases and split positions at the receiver can be easily obtained by transmitting the initial values and parameters of the 3D Lorenz chaotic system simplifying the transmission of the sideband information significantly with the key space of nearly 101337. In addition, the transmission of 42-Gb/s encrypted SCMA-OFDM signals have been experimentally demonstrated over a 2-km seven-core fiber, showing that the proposed scheme could improve the receiver sensitivity by 1.0 dB compared with the traditional SCMA-OFDM signals due to the great reduction in the PAPR. The bit error rate of the illegal optical network unit remains near 0.5, verifying the high security of the transmitted message.