Evaluation of the Color Stability, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Current Resin Composites

Wenkai Huang; Ling Ren; Yuyao Cheng; Minghua Xu; Wenji Luo; Desong Zhan; Hidehiko Sano; Jiale Fu

doi:10.3390/ma15196710

Evaluation of the Color Stability, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Current Resin Composites

Materials (Basel). 2022 Sep 27;15(19):6710. doi: 10.3390/ma15196710.

Authors

Wenkai Huang¹, Ling Ren¹, Yuyao Cheng¹, Minghua Xu¹, Wenji Luo¹, Desong Zhan², Hidehiko Sano³, Jiale Fu²

Affiliations

¹ School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang 110002, China.
² Department of Dental Materials Science, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.
³ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.

Abstract

This study aims to assess the color stability, water sorption, and solubility of 11 resin composites as commercially available dental products. Twenty samples (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness) of each material were fabricated using a customized silicone mold, followed by immersion in each of curry, coffee, wine, and distilled water for 28 days (n = 5). Baseline shade and color changes (ΔE) were measured using a reflection spectrophotometer. The CIE L*, a*, b* system was used to evaluate the color changes. Five samples of each resin composite were applied to test water sorption and solubility according to ISO 4049:2009. As a result, the ∆E values were significantly influenced by each of the three factors (composition of material, solution, time) and the interactions between them (p < 0.001). Highest resistance to discoloration was achieved by Ceram.X One Universal (CXU), followed by Magnafill Putty (MP). Generally, microhybrid composites showed fewer color changes than nanohybrid composites and giomers. DX. Universal and Filtek Z350 XT showed the highest ΔE values in all colorants. All materials tested in this study fulfilled the criteria of ISO 4049:2009; CXU and MP had the lowest water sorption and solubility. The Pearson test showed statistically significant positive correlations between water sorption and ΔE and between solubility and ΔE.

Keywords: color stability; resin composite; solubility; water sorption.

Grants and funding

The authors are grateful to Research & Development Center, Aidite (Qinhuangdao) Technology Co., Ltd. and MANI, INC. for providing experimental devices. This research was supported by the Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China Medical University (X202210159078).