Which is more predictive: Domain- or task-specific self-efficacy in teaching and outcomes?

Br J Educ Psychol. 2023 Mar;93(1):283-298. doi: 10.1111/bjep.12554. Epub 2022 Oct 5.

Abstract

Background: Students' academic performance and learning experiences are crucial in school education, yet their relationships with instructional characteristics remain an open question.

Aims: The present study examined how cognitive activation and teacher support were associated with students' academic emotions and achievement in math classrooms via domain- and task-specific self-efficacy.

Sample: In total, 5388 eighth graders from central China participated in this study.

Methods: Cognitive activation, teacher support, math-related enjoyment and anxiety, and domain- and task-specific self-efficacy were measured with self-reported student questionnaires. The math achievement was measured with a standardized test.

Results: Our findings showed that the two instructional characteristics were positively related to math achievement and enjoyment but negatively related to math anxiety, with the mediation effects of task- and domain-specific self-efficacy. In detail, cognitive activation had a stronger relationship with math anxiety through task-specific self-efficacy than domain-specific self-efficacy. Whereas, cognitive activation had a greater linkage with math enjoyment through domain-specific self-efficacy than task-specific self-efficacy. In addition, teacher support had a greater association with learning outcomes through domain-specific self-efficacy than task-specific self-efficacy.

Conclusions: The relational mechanism of cognitive activation and teacher support on math achievement and academic emotions were differentially mediated by task- and domain-specific self-efficacy in Chinese math classrooms.

Keywords: cognitive activation; domain-specific self-efficacy; learning outcomes; task-specific self-efficacy; teacher support.

MeSH terms

  • Achievement
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Emotions
  • Humans
  • Self Efficacy*
  • Students* / psychology