Evaluation of the efficacy of four anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination using kits from two manufacturers: A prospective, longitudinal, cohort study at 11 serial time points within 160 days

Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Nov:112:109285. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109285. Epub 2022 Sep 28.

Abstract

Purpose: The accuracy of level of anti- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies is a great concern. We aimed to compare the efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection kits from two manufacturers in evaluating the efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Methods: The immune responses and consistency of four anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were evaluated using two manufacturers' antibody kits (A and B) in 61 subjects within 160 days after vaccination with the CoronaVac vaccine.

Results: The total seropositivity rates of neutralizing antibodies and IgM antibodies detected by kit A were higher than those detected by kit B (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). Conversely, the total seropositivity rates of total antibodies and IgG antibodies were higher in kit B than kit A (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). The consistency rates showed less than 90% agreement between the kits for the detection of the four antibodies, and the κ score showed moderate or substantial consistency. The half-lives of neutralizing antibodies, total antibodies, and IgG antibodies within 160 days after vaccination, detected by kit A were 63.88 days, 80.50 days, and 63.70 days, respectively and by kit B were 97.06 days, 65.41 days, and 77.99 days, respectively.

Conclusion: The efficacy of antibody detection differed between the two commercial anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody kits, although there was moderate consistency, which may affect the clinical application and formulation of the vaccine strategy.

Keywords: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; COVID-19; Consistency; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Cohort Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • Prospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2*
  • Vaccination

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing