The present study intends to investigate the performance of the Fenton reaction as one of the most efficient (AOPs) in a batch mode for treating wastewater effluent from the edible oil industry, as well as the parameters that influence the reaction, such as pH, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4.7H2O) doses at various reaction times. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied with a central composite design (CCD) for optimizing the responses of pollutant removals. The obtained results indicated that the authenticated response to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 93.52%, at optimum values of pH, FeSO4.7H2O dose, H2O2 dose, and reaction time of 3, 1 g/L, 8.38 g/L, and 50 min, respectively. Furthermore, the authenticated response to oil and grease (O&G) removal was 99.8%, at optimum values of pH, FeSO4.7H2O dose, H2O2 dose, and reaction time of 3, 0.71 g/L, 8.7 g/L, and 37.4 min, respectively. Under these conditions, the residual COD and O&G after Fenton oxidation become 155.4 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively.