Association between CLOCK gene polymorphisms and ADHD in Mexican teenagers: A comprehensive assessment

Alfonso Cabrera Lagunes; Adriana Díaz-Anzaldúa; Gustavo Rojas Andrade; Vanessa-Giselle Peschard; Adriana Arias Caballero; César Enrique Gaspar-Barba; Arlette Yunes Jimenez; Francisco Rafael De la Peña Olvera; Carlos Sabas Cruz Fuentes; Miriam Feria-Aranda; Liz Sosa Mora; Armando Pérez Molina; Diana Guizar Sanchez; Lino Palacios-Cruz

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114835

Association between CLOCK gene polymorphisms and ADHD in Mexican teenagers: A comprehensive assessment

Psychiatry Res. 2022 Nov:317:114835. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114835. Epub 2022 Sep 5.

Authors

Alfonso Cabrera Lagunes¹, Adriana Díaz-Anzaldúa², Gustavo Rojas Andrade², Vanessa-Giselle Peschard³, Adriana Arias Caballero¹, César Enrique Gaspar-Barba¹, Arlette Yunes Jimenez⁴, Francisco Rafael De la Peña Olvera⁵, Carlos Sabas Cruz Fuentes², Miriam Feria-Aranda⁶, Liz Sosa Mora⁶, Armando Pérez Molina², Diana Guizar Sanchez⁷, Lino Palacios-Cruz⁸

Affiliations

¹ Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
² Department of Genetics, Sub-division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
³ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco 941130, United States.
⁴ Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Eating Disorders Clinic, Instituto Prado S.C., Mexico City 11000, Mexico.
⁵ Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Unit of Research Promotion, Direction of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
⁶ Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico.
⁷ Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Learning Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
⁸ Comprehensive Wellbeing Program, Adolescent Clinic, Division of Clinical Services, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Sub-division of Clinical Research, Division of Neurosciences, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico. Electronic address: palacioslino@gmail.com.

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate markers of the CLOCK gene rs1801260 and rs4864548 in Mexican adolescents, addressing clinical and biological aspects previously associated with ADHD. 347 Mexican adolescents were assessed for mental disorders, metabolic disruption and related conditions, circadian preference, as well as genotyping for the CLOCK. We found a significant association between ADHD and the AA and AG genotypes of rs1801260. Also, we identified in the ADHD group that the total Triiodothyronine and total Thyroxine values were respectively 10 ng/dl units and 0.58 ug/dl units lower in females than in males. Previously reported common variations of the CLOCK gene have been associated with ADHD like the Rs1801260 polymorphism hereby we could consider it as risk factor, but genetic, biochemical and clinical studies in the Mexican population are entailed.

Keywords: Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity; Circadian rhythm; Genotype; Risk factors; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / genetics
CLOCK Proteins* / genetics
Female
Genotype
Humans
Male
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics

Substances

CLOCK Proteins
CLOCK protein, human

Grants and funding

T32 DK007219/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/United States