Growth inhibition of bacterial pathogens by photo-catalyst process of nano-alloys FeCuNi doped TiO2 under ultraviolet irradiation

Yetria Rilda; Syukri Arief; Anthoni Agustien; Eti Yerizel; Hilfi Pardi; Nofrijon Sofyan

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10611

Growth inhibition of bacterial pathogens by photo-catalyst process of nano-alloys FeCuNi doped TiO₂ under ultraviolet irradiation

Heliyon. 2022 Sep 13;8(9):e10611. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10611. eCollection 2022 Sep.

Authors

Yetria Rilda¹, Syukri Arief¹, Anthoni Agustien², Eti Yerizel³, Hilfi Pardi⁴, Nofrijon Sofyan⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Andalas University, Campus Unand Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia.
² Department of Biology, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Andalas University, Campus Unand Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia.
³ Biochemistry Department Faculty of Medicine Andalas University, Campus Unand Limau Manis, Padang 25163, Indonesia.
⁴ Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29111, Indonesia.
⁵ Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.

Abstract

This study reports the application of FeCuNi nano-alloy doped TiO₂ synthesized via the sol-gel method as an antibacterial with a sterilization rate greater than 95% under ultra-violet (UV) irradiation. The performance was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis (TG-DTA), scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that the sterilization process of FeCuNi-TiO₂ in cell suspension of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis increased the effectiveness of UV irradiation at wavelength (λ) ≥ 385 nm after 120 min. The optimum growth inhibition of FeCuNi-TiO₂ was observed in the concentrations 1.5 g/L of E. coli, 1.5 g/L of S. aureus and 2.0 g/L of B. subtilis. The highest antimicrobial efficiency of FeCuNi-TiO₂ powder was provided by a particle size of 16.8 nm, surface area of 70.98 m²/g. The increased antimicrobial activity in multiplied-three doped ions was related to the increase of illumination energy of UV absorption in the photo-catalyst process. The inhibition mechanism reaction of the three species of bacteria cell affects the lipid peroxidation process at the microbe cell's wall. This was indicated by the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA). Lipid oxidation was based on the reaction of 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) as an indicator of primary and secondary oxidation.

Keywords: Bacteria; Inhibition; Malondialdehyde; Nanoalloys; Thiobarbituric acid.