Neutropenic Enterocolitis: A Rare Complication of Sacituzumab Govitecan

Abstract

Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) is a rare form of inflammatory colitis seen in severely neutropenic patients. Patients with NE typically have severe neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <500/mm³) in the setting of exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Taxanes have traditionally been associated with NE, but there has been a growing amount of literature, linking a variety of other chemotherapeutic agents. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is a novel antibody-drug conjugate comprising a topoisomerase I inhibitor component conjugated to an antibody targeting human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (Trop-2). SG is approved for the treatment of unresectable locally advanced or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) and urothelial cancer. We report a case of NE in a patient with mTNBC receiving SG and its successful management. Prompt diagnosis and management of NE in such patients can be potentially lifesaving.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Colitis; Neutropenia.