A review on upgrading of the anammox-based nitrogen removal processes: Performance, stability, and control strategies

Yujie Chen; Guangze Guo; Yu-You Li

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127992

A review on upgrading of the anammox-based nitrogen removal processes: Performance, stability, and control strategies

Bioresour Technol. 2022 Nov:364:127992. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127992. Epub 2022 Sep 20.

Authors

Yujie Chen¹, Guangze Guo², Yu-You Li³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
² Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
³ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki-Aza, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan. Electronic address: gyokuyu.ri.a5@tohoku.ac.jp.

PMID: 36150424
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127992

Abstract

The anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process is a promising biological nitrogen removal technology. However, owing to the sensitivity and slow cell growth of anammox bacteria, long startup time and initially low nitrogen removal rate (NRR) are still limiting factors of practical applications of anammox process. Moreover, nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) is often lower than 88 %. This review summarizes the most common methods for improving NRR by increasing microorganism concentration, and modifying reactor configuration. Recent integrated anammox-based systems were evaluated, including hydroxyapatite (HAP)-enhanced one-stage partial nitritation/anammox (PNA) process for a high NRR of over 2 kg N/m³/d at 25 °C, partial denitrification/anammox (PDA) process, and simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification process for a high NRE of up to 100 %. After discussing the challenges for the application of these systems critically, a combined system of anaerobic digestion, HAP-enhanced one-stage PNA and PDA is proposed in order to achieve a high NRR, high NRE, and phosphorus removal simultaneously.

Keywords: Anammox; Hydroxyapatite (HAP); Microorganism concentration; Partial denitrification/anammox (PDA); Partial nitritation/anammox (PNA).

Publication types

Review